Informe del Observatorio de la Escuela Superior de Guerra del Ejército - EPG (del 16 al 22 de marzo de 2026)
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2026-03-23
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Escuela Superior de Guerra del Ejército. Escuela de Posgrado
Resumen
El informe del Observatorio de la Escuela Superior de Guerra del Ejército del Perú analiza los eventos militares ocurridos entre el 16 y el 22 de marzo de 2026, evidenciando la consolidación de un conflicto regional de alta intensidad entre Irán y la coalición liderada por Estados Unidos e Israel. Este periodo se caracteriza por una rápida escalada desde tensiones diplomáticas hacia enfrentamientos directos, con ataques simultáneos mediante misiles balísticos y drones contra Israel, países del Golfo y bases militares aliadas.
Desde el punto de vista táctico, Irán emplea estrategias de saturación multidominio, combinando misiles de alta velocidad con drones de bajo costo y difícil detección, con el objetivo de superar los sistemas de defensa antiaérea. Asimismo, se observa una guerra de desgaste basada en ataques persistentes y en oleadas, dirigida a agotar recursos militares, económicos y psicológicos del adversario. Paralelamente, la expansión del conflicto incluye el uso de actores aliados y la ampliación del teatro de operaciones hacia múltiples frentes regionales.
En el ámbito estratégico, el estrecho de Ormuz adquiere un rol decisivo al ser un punto crítico para el comercio energético global. Su amenaza o interrupción genera impactos inmediatos en los mercados internacionales, incrementando la volatilidad y los precios del petróleo. Además, se evidencia la importancia de la infraestructura energética como objetivo militar.
En conjunto, el conflicto evoluciona hacia una guerra de desgaste sistémico, caracterizada por la presión multidimensional, la participación de múltiples actores y un alto riesgo de escalada prolongada con repercusiones globales.
The report from the Observatory of the Peruvian Army War College analyzes the military events that occurred between March 16 and 22, 2026, highlighting the consolidation of a high-intensity regional conflict between Iran and the coalition led by the United States and Israel. This period is marked by a rapid escalation from diplomatic tensions to direct confrontation, involving coordinated attacks using ballistic missiles and drones against Israel, Gulf countries, and allied military bases. From a tactical perspective, Iran employs multidomain saturation strategies, combining high-speed missiles with low-cost, hard-to-detect drones to overwhelm air defense systems. Additionally, a war of attrition is evident, characterized by persistent and wave-based attacks aimed at exhausting the adversary’s military, economic, and psychological resources. The conflict has also expanded regionally through the involvement of allied actors and the opening of multiple operational fronts. At the strategic level, the Strait of Hormuz plays a decisive role as a critical chokepoint for global energy trade. Any disruption generates immediate impacts on international markets, increasing volatility and oil prices. Energy infrastructure has also become a primary military target. Overall, the conflict is evolving into a systemic war of attrition, marked by multidimensional pressure, participation of multiple actors, and a high risk of prolonged regional escalation with global consequences.
The report from the Observatory of the Peruvian Army War College analyzes the military events that occurred between March 16 and 22, 2026, highlighting the consolidation of a high-intensity regional conflict between Iran and the coalition led by the United States and Israel. This period is marked by a rapid escalation from diplomatic tensions to direct confrontation, involving coordinated attacks using ballistic missiles and drones against Israel, Gulf countries, and allied military bases. From a tactical perspective, Iran employs multidomain saturation strategies, combining high-speed missiles with low-cost, hard-to-detect drones to overwhelm air defense systems. Additionally, a war of attrition is evident, characterized by persistent and wave-based attacks aimed at exhausting the adversary’s military, economic, and psychological resources. The conflict has also expanded regionally through the involvement of allied actors and the opening of multiple operational fronts. At the strategic level, the Strait of Hormuz plays a decisive role as a critical chokepoint for global energy trade. Any disruption generates immediate impacts on international markets, increasing volatility and oil prices. Energy infrastructure has also become a primary military target. Overall, the conflict is evolving into a systemic war of attrition, marked by multidimensional pressure, participation of multiple actors, and a high risk of prolonged regional escalation with global consequences.
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Guerra de alta intensidad, Guerra asimétrica, Misiles balísticos, Estrecho de Ormuz, Escalada regional, High-intensity warfare, Asymmetric warfare, Ballistic missiles, Strait of Hormuz, Regional escalation